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Edmund G. (Pat) Brown : ウィキペディア英語版
Pat Brown

Edmund Gerald "Pat" Brown, Sr. (April 21, 1905 – February 16, 1996) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 32nd Governor of California from 1959 to 1967. Born in San Francisco, Brown had an early interest in speaking and politics; he earned a law degree in 1927, and subsequently began legal practice. As district attorney for San Francisco, he was elected Attorney General of California in 1950 before becoming the state's Governor in 1959. As Governor, Brown embarked on massive projects building important infrastructure and redefined the state's higher education system. While running twice for President in 1960 and 1964, finishing second and first in the primaries, respectively, he was never a serious contender in the national conventions. While losing his bid for a third term in 1966 to future President Ronald Reagan, his legacy earns him regard as the builder of modern California. His son, Edmund G. 'Jerry' Brown, Jr., was and is the 34th and 39th Governor of California, and his daughter, Kathleen Brown, was the 29th California State Treasurer.
==Background==
Brown was born in San Francisco, California, one of four children of Ida (née Schuckman) and Edmund Joseph Brown. His father was of Irish Catholic descent, and his mother was from a German Protestant family. He acquired the nickname "Pat" during his school years; the nickname was a reference to his Patrick Henry-like oratory. When he was 12 and selling Liberty Bonds on street corners, he would end his spiel with, "Give me liberty, or give me death."
Brown was a debate champion as a member of the Lowell Forensic Society at San Francisco's Lowell High School, where he held twelve offices of student government; he graduated from Lowell in 1923. Rather than pursue an undergraduate degree, he instead worked in his father's cigar store. He studied law at night, while working part-time for attorney Milton Schmitt, graduating from San Francisco College of Law in spring 1927. After passing the California bar exam the following fall, he began full-time employment in Schmitt's office.
Brown ran as a Republican Party candidate for the State Assembly in 1928, but lost; he moved to the Democratic Party in 1934, as the Great Depression had made him lose confidence in the Republican Party. He quickly became a New Dealer, and an active party participant. His second attempt at election to public officer came in 1939, running for District Attorney of San Francisco against Matthew Brady, an incumbent of twenty-two years, who beat him handily.〔〔
Four years after his defeat, Brown ran for district attorney again in 1943 with the slogan "Crack down on crime, elect Brown this time." His victory over Brady was decisive, coming to the surprise of San Francisco politicians, as well as bookmakers who had put 5 to 1 odds against his election.〔 He was reelected to the office in 1947, and after seven years in office, received the support of Governor Earl Warren. He emulated the course followed by Warren when the Governor himself was the Alameda County district attorney.〔 While his actions against gambling, corruption, and juvenile delinquency brought confidence to his office, Brown also sided on the controversial, with his vocal opposition against the Internment of Japanese Americans, as well as efforts to deport Harry Bridges.〔 In 1949, he raided Sally Stanford's elegant San Francisco bordello.〔(SFGate.com ), 19 December 1999〕
In 1946, as the Democratic nominee, Brown lost the race for Attorney General of California to Los Angeles County District Attorney, Frederick N. Howser. Running again in 1950, he won election as Attorney General and was re-elected in 1954. As Attorney General, he was the only Democrat to win statewide election in California.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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